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Day11

Day 11 at COP28 marked the last of the summit’s thematic days, with the day revolving around ‘Food, Agriculture, and Water.’ Stakeholders aimed to outline comprehensive strategies for sustainable agriculture, transform agrifood systems globally to avoid critical global warming, ensure food security and nutrition, and protect the health of ecosystems. For example, leaders discussed opportunities and challenges to implement COP28’s ‘Declaration on Agriculture, Food Systems, and Climate Action’, a previously announced agreement endorsed by 152 parties during the World Climate Action Summit.[1] Over the next two days, COP28 will conclude as leaders negotiate final agreements coming out of the conference – including an agreement on fossil fuels and proposals for Azerbaijan and Brazil to host COP29 and COP30, respectively.[2]

Dr. Sultan Al Jaber

COP28 President-Designate,
UAE Special Envoy for Climate Change, and
Minister of Industry and Advanced Technology

Key Announcements (10th December 2023)

01.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) published its ‘Global Roadmap for Agriculture’ report today, addressing the imperative to accelerate climate action alongside the transformation of agrifood systems to ensure food security and nutrition for present and future generations by 2030.[3] These recommendations encompass curbing meat overconsumption, reducing food waste, eliminating deforestation, and enhancing carbon capture in soil. Acknowledging the agrifood industry's significant contribution – a third of global greenhouse gas emissions – the FAO emphasizes transitioning from a net emitter to a net absorber (like a carbon sink that absorbs more carbon dioxide than it emits) over the next three decades. The non-binding plan is expected to influence climate policy and investment decisions related to the food industry.

02.

A coalition of countries, led by Brazil, Norway, and Sierra Leone, launched the ‘Alliance of Champions for Food Systems Transformation’. The initiative aims to improve agrifood outcomes across climate mitigation, adaptation, food security, equity, and biodiversity, with concrete goals to update national climate plans with targets by COP30.[4] The group recognizes that food systems’ transformations will look different across the world and aims to collaborate on their various findings and approaches.

03.

The COP28 Presidency, FAO, World Bank, CGIAR (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research), and International Fund for Agricultural Development have also announced the joint Sharm-El Sheikh Support Programme, a three-year support package to help countries gain access to finance and support farmers, food producers, small agri-businesses, and local communities.[5]

04

Other key announcements include:
o A new draft text for the ‘Global Goal on Adaptation’ (GGA) was released, emphasizing seven adaptation objectives for countries to achieve by 2030.[6] The text calls for swift action to address climate-induced water scarcity, enhance resilience in agriculture, combat health impacts, and protect ecosystems. However, emphasis remains over the adaptation finance gap, with no concrete target or means of implementation for developed nations to deliver much-needed climate finance and technology transfer provisions to developing and emerging economies.[7]
o As the conference will enter final negotiations over the next two days, COP28 President, Dr. Sultan al-Jaber, held a special meeting with representatives from almost 200 nations to end the deadlock over a fossil fuels agreement.[8] China’s top climate diplomat also endorsed the need for a final agreement on fossil fuels yesterday, wanting a text that supports fossil fuel reductions while allowing room for developing nations to ensure energy security and economic growth.[9] China and the US in particular are negotiating to find an agreed upon approach in COP28 outcomes.[10]