ESG Corner- May 2024

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Newsletter

ESG Corner- May 2024

7, May 2024

IN THE NEWS

This section focuses on key developments in the US, India, and the Middle East, dissecting the most recent news and analyzing its potential to influence regional landscapes, businesses, and consumers. Uniqus provides our insights into how these developments may shape current market dynamics and set the stage for future opportunities and challenges.

US

1. ISSB Explores Developing New Disclosure Standards for Biodiversity, Human Capital

The IFRS Foundation launched the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) in 2021 at the COP26 Climate Conference. The ISSB was created to develop IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards while ensuring consistent disclosure requirements and building a global baseline for stakeholders. Following the launch of the general sustainability and climate reporting standards, IFRS S1 and S2, ISSB has determined its next focus areas — nature and human capital. According to market feedback, as investors continue to demand improved disclosures to enhance decision-making, nature and human capital are among the key topics that highlight the value of a company.

Uniqus’ POV

While significant focus has been recently on climate-related disclosures, it is important to remember the other topics that fall under ESG. In addition to climate, ESG encompasses broader issues including, biodiversity, human capital, and beyond. Although the ISSB is in the early stages of researching nature and human capital, companies can begin to assess their impacts on these topics, identify any gaps in information or disclosures, and factor them into their business decisions. While the ESG reporting landscape is constantly changing, companies should not wait for disclosures to be mandated and instead should take proactive steps and focus on leading disclosure practices.

2. SEC Climate-related Disclosure Rules Face Legal Challenges

On 6 March 2024, the SEC introduced rules for public companies to report on climate-related information. The implementation of the rules was stayed in April due to ongoing legal challenges, as some believe the SEC overstepped its statutory authority and “placed an undue burden on affected companies”.
The duration of the litigation and the ultimate outcome of the rules are currently unclear; however, the SEC is aiming for a swift resolution.

Uniqus’ POV

Companies should still align their climate-related data and reporting with the SEC’s requirements and other global reporting obligations, which broadly align with best practices such as the recommendations from the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD). Aligning with established disclosure frameworks helps companies provide more consistent climate-related information to stakeholders, especially investors, while helping to shape business strategies and operational plans in response to climate-related risks and opportunities.

3. What the SEC’s Climate Rules Mean for Emerging Growth Companies

Early-stage companies should start gathering relevant data and reporting on climate-related information externally to demonstrate their commitment to sustainability while helping identify potential intersections with their overall business strategies. Despite some anti-ESG sentiment in the US, investors
globally continue to integrate climate matters into decision-making as part of efforts to evaluate risk-adjusted returns.

Uniqus’ POV

Pre-IPO companies should develop ESG and climate change strategies to enhance their appeal to investors and proactively align with forthcoming climate disclosure regulations. Steps include establishing ESG oversight mechanisms, fostering cross-functional collaboration, and integrating ESG matters into risk management.

4. US Sustainable Funds Navigate Challenges with Resilience

In 2023, US sustainable funds saw outflows of USD 13 billion, their first year of net withdrawals. However, sustainable fund assets reached USD 323 billion by
year-end, marking an 18% increase from a low point in 2022. Passive sustainable funds, except for one, would have recorded net inflows if not for a change in BlackRock’s portfolio allocation. Sustainable funds rebounded in 2023 with the median sustainable large- blend equity fund posting a respectable 24.4% gain.

Uniqus’ POV

According to Morningstar’s data, there have been challenges faced by sustainable funds in the US in 2023. Despite market fluctuations and regulatory changes, sustainable fund assets have shown resilience. Although there were net outflows for the first time, investors remained interested in sustainable investing. Passive sustainable funds demonstrated resilience, rebounding returns, and contributed to overall asset growth. Asset managers continue to integrate ESG factors into their investment processes.

India

1. CRISIL ESG Ratings & Analytics Ltd Gets SEBI Nod to Offer ESG Ratings

CRISIL ESG Ratings & Analytics Ltd. has been approved as a category 1 provider of ESG Ratings by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). As
ESG disclosures become increasingly important, especially in the financial market, this proprietary India-specific framework will allow for enhanced decision-making across all stakeholders and support the growth of the Indian economy.

Uniqus’ POV

The importance of ESG ratings in investment decisions is growing, reflecting their role in aligning investments with values and risk management. These ratings not only promote corporate accountability but also better corporate practices. However, different providers’ inconsistent ratings for the same entity raise concerns about their transparency and methodology.

In response to these concerns, several global regulatory actions have been taken. India was one of the first to implement regulatory measures in 2022 following the IOSCO recommendations on sustainability practices and disclosures in asset management. The SEBI introduced regulations to
enhance trust, prevent greenwashing, and ensure methodological transparency and independence of the rating agency.

2. Forging a Greener Future: Indian Steelmakers’ Bold Stride Towards Global Emission Standards by 2030

Credit rating agency Crisil’s recent report revealed that Indian steelmakers are making significant progress in reducing carbon emissions. They have
achieved a 65% reduction since 2005, with a target of meeting their reduction goals by 2030. They can further accelerate their efforts by adopting renewable energy, expanding Electric Arc Furnace capacity, and adopting carbon capture technologies. These proactive steps positively impact the environment and improve the ESG profiles of these companies, opening funding opportunities with more favorable terms and expanding their competitiveness in the export market.

Uniqus’ POV

Setting ESG goals and targets can lead to positive outcomes. Indian steelmakers have shown that achieving ESG goals in all markets is possible.
Objectives help companies and workers measure progress and work towards goals. Investors value ESG data when making investment decisions, and therefore communicating goals, targets, and progress enhances a company’s attractiveness to investors and creates greater opportunities. Steel is a hard-to-abate sector that must deal with the CBAM regulations set by the EU.

3. ESG Ratings’ Heisenberg Dilemma: How to Achieve Accuracy and Quality

ESG ratings are becoming increasingly popular as companies enhance their focus on sustainability efforts and initiatives. However, data accuracy and quality remain an ongoing concern. Investors are driving the demand for ESG ratings, using the ratings and associated data to assist them in incorporating
ESG factors into investment strategies. Data accuracy is essential to build trust in ESG ratings, and more accurate data would also promote consistency and comparability amongst the companies being rated.

Uniqus’ POV

Each ESG rating agency uses a unique methodology. Companies should evaluate the relevance of various ESG ratings to determine which rating agencies are most important to stakeholders (e.g., understanding which ratings are utilized by specific investors). A unified ESG data and reporting process can streamline how companies disclose data incorporated into ESG ratings.

Middle East

1. Shaping Skylines: How ESG is Transforming Middle East’s Real Estate Landscape

The Middle East real estate sector is changing due to sustainability-related considerations. ESG principles initially emerged in response to environmental and social concerns and demands from investors and consumers. Regulatory and financial catalysts, such as green building standards, also contribute to this change.

Uniqus’ POV

ESG principles are gaining importance in the real estate and construction industries. It is recommended that Middle Eastern real estate companies prioritize ESG integration and adopt digitalization in construction for operational efficiency and sustainability. Sustainable urban planning and real
estate development are essential for the region’s rapid economic growth. Improving data quality and engaging stakeholders can ensure accurate ESG reporting.

2. Dubai’s Leap Towards Environmental Resilience

Dubai is establishing the Dubai Environment and Climate Change Authority to build a solid foundation for a green economy and enhance the city’s role in combating climate change. This initiative sets a worldwide benchmark in environmental stewardship and is expected to boost business and job opportunities while ensuring a sustainable future.

Uniqus’ POV

Dubai is recognized as a global model for environmental stewardship, highlighting the economic advantages of sustainable practices. The city advocates for collaborative efforts between regulators and businesses to foster green initiatives and sustainable development, emphasizing job creation and reduced environmental impact.

3. Revolutionizing Travel: Saudi Red Sea Authority’s Vision for Eco-Conscious Tourism

Red Sea Global, a subsidiary of Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund, plans to develop megaprojects along the Red Sea coast as part of its Vision 2030.
These projects, prioritizing sustainability, will encompass tourism, real estate, and infrastructure.

Uniqus’ POV

Saudi Arabia’s plans along the Red Sea coast aim to create jobs, attract foreign investment, and position itself as a leading destination for green
tourism and investments. The Saudi Red Sea Authority will prioritize regenerative tourism practices to protect the natural beauty of the Red Sea
through strategic partnerships and eco-friendly tourism infrastructure while advocating for sustainable practices.

In-Dept Analysis

This section delves deep into a significant ESG development, offering comprehensive insights and a nuanced perspective. We break down the critical
facets of this development, analyzing its implications for businesses, investors, and regulators. Our in-depth analysis clarifies the potential impact on global markets and how this change may influence strategic decisions across sectors. Join us as we explore this development, shedding light on the opportunities and challenges in the evolving ESG landscape.

The ISSB: In Pursuit of a Global Baseline for Sustainability Reporting

The emergence of the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) and its initial two standards, IFRS S1 and IFRS S2, are a significant step towards
establishing a global framework for sustainability disclosures. These standards create a cohesive platform for sustainability reporting, emphasizing climate-related risks and opportunities that align with the needs of capital markets.

IFRS S1 outlines a general sustainability disclosure requirement, focusing on material risks and opportunities related to sustainability. IFRS S2 is the first topic-based standard from ISSB centered on climate-related disclosures and based on TCFD recommendations. Together, these standards provide
comprehensive information to capital markets, laying the groundwork for securities regulators worldwide to adopt them as a global baseline.

Uniqus’ POV

In conclusion, the ISSB’s standards represent a significant leap towards standardizing sustainability reporting. By providing a robust framework that
could become a global benchmark, these standards have the potential to reshape how companies disclose sustainability-related information, making them more comparable, transparent, and decision-useful.

Regulatory Watch

Regulation around ESG continues to evolve rapidly. This section summarizes some of the latest regulatory developments across key global markets, including the US, EU, UK, India, and the Middle East. Our analysis captures the nature of the legislative changes or updates, along with our high-level assessment of broader implications on business practices and compliance strategies.

ESG Best Practices Around the Globe

Uniqus has observed and summarized leading ESG practices worldwide, aiming to inspire governments, businesses, and individuals alike. We highlight exemplary initiatives and strategies that set environmental stewardship, social responsibility, and governance excellence standards. Learn how these best practices achieve sustainable outcomes and drive meaningful change across various sectors and communities.

Amsterdam’s Commitment to Becoming the World’s First City with a Circular Economy

Envisaged in 2020, Amsterdam’s strategy intends to halve the city’s use of new raw materials by 2030, becoming a fully circular economy by 2050.

The city’s authorities, citizens, and residents have focused on cutting waste in three areas – food consumed, products used, and construction in the built environment. Highlights include:

– The Circular Monitor built in the city tracks all the material streams and assists in making the right material-use choices, as well as fostering reuse and redesigns.

– Opportunities are identified in the most unlikely places; for instance, Amsterdam has begun recycling its artificial grass and redesigning new green pitches to increase their longevity. The municipality regularly reuses building materials and reserves the ordering of fresh supplies as a last resort.

An Indian Pilgrimage Adopts a Digital Deposit Refund System (DRS)

India’s diversity is evident from its many cultures and religions, each with its important sites. One such site for Hindus is Kedarnath in India’s northern state of Uttarakhand. To address environmental concerns associated with these sites, the Government of Uttarakhand, in collaboration with a startup, has implemented a digital Deposit Refund System (DRS) initiative. Under this innovative system, pilgrims are digitally reimbursed a deposit amount when they return used plastic packaging to designated deposit refund centers. These deposit refund centers are conveniently located along pilgrimage routes.

ESG Encyclopedia

Dive into the essentials of ESG with our monthly spotlight on key topics, themes, and concepts shaping the landscape of sustainable business practices. In each issue of our newsletter, we select a new focal area to give you an in-depth understanding of its significance and application.

The Carbon Sink

In essence, a carbon sink operates by absorbing more carbon from the atmosphere than it releases, effectively acting as a storage mechanism for carbon. This process is exemplified by natural entities such as plants, oceans, and soil. On the other hand, a carbon source functions by releasing more carbon into the atmosphere than it absorbs, contributing to the accumulation of greenhouse gases. Examples of carbon sources include the combustion of fossil fuels and volcanic eruptions. Carbon sinks can exist in both natural and human-made forms, each playing a crucial role in the global carbon cycle.

Carbon serves as a fundamental building block for life on our planet. It constitutes the fats and carbohydrates in our food as well as the molecules, such as DNA and proteins, in our bodies. Aside from being a crucial component of the air we breathe, carbon is also stored in various reservoirs, including the oceans, rocks, fossil fuels, and plant matter.

The carbon cycle describes the flow of carbon among these diverse reservoirs. A harmonious interaction between carbon sinks and carbon sources is vital for maintaining the balance of carbon concentrations on our planet.

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